Sanskrit Lesson

SamKyaavaachikaani - SamKyaavaachakamu - Number system

aekah - okaTi - one
dvow - remDu - two
traya - muuDu - three
chatvaarah - naalugu - four
pa~ncha - idu - five
shaT - aaru - six
sapta - aeDu - seven
ashTa, aashTaa - enimidi - eight
nava - tommidi - nine
daSa - pada - ten
aekaadaSa - padunokamDu - eleven
dvaadaSa - pamDremDu - twelve
trayao daSa - padamuuDu - thirteen
chaturdhaSa - padunaalgu - fourteen
pamchadaSa - padunaidu - fifteen
shoaDaSa - padunaaru - sixteen
saptadaSa - padunaeDu - seventeen
ashToDaSa - padunenimidi - eighteen
navadaSa - pamdommidi - nineteen
vimSatih - eravai - twenty
troSat - muppai - thirty
chatvaarmSat - nalabhai - fourty
pamchaaSat - yaabhai - fifty
shashTah - aravai - sixty
saptatih - debhai - seventy
aSeetih - enabhai - eighty
navatih - tombhai - ninety
Satam - nuuru - hundred
sahasram - vaeyi - thousand
laksham - laksha - lakh
koaTih - koaTi - crore

SamKyeyavaachakaani - samKyaastaanamulu - Number positioning

prathamah - modaTi,okatava - first

dviteeyah - remDava - second

tRteeyah - muuDava - third

chaturdhah - naalgava - fourth

pamchamah - idava - fifth

shashTah - aarava - sixth

saptama - aeDava - seventh

ashTamah - enimidava - eigth

navamah - tommidava - nineth

daSamah - padava - tenth

aekaadaSa - padunokamdova - eleventh

dvaadaSa - pamDremDava - twelveth

trayao daSah - padamuuDava - thirteenth

chaturdhaSah - padunaalgava - fourteenth

pamchadaSah - padunaidava - fifteenth

shoaDaSah - padunaarava - sixteenth

saptadaSah - padunaeDava - seventeenth

ashToDaSah - padunenimidava - eighteenth

navadaSah - pamdommidava - nineteenth

vimSatih - eravai - twenteth

troSah - muppai - thirtyth

chatvaarmSah - nalabhai - fourtyth

pamchaaSah - yaabhai - fiftyth

shashTamah - aravai - sixtyth

saptatitamah - debhai - seventyth

aSeetitamah - enabhai - eightyth

paadam - paatika - twentyfive

ardham - sagamu - half

paadoanam - muppatika - thirty

sapaadaikam - okaTimpaavu - one and quarter

saardekam - okaTinnara - one and half

paadoanadvayam - okaTimuppavu - one and three quarter

sapaadadvayam - remDumpaatika - two and quarter

saardhadvayam - remDunnara - two and half

paadoanatrayam - remDummuppaavu - two and three quarter

Sanskrit Lesson

Navadhaanyaani - navadhaanyamulu - Nine grains(nine varieties of grains)
goadhuumah - goadhuma - wheat
vreehih - varidhaanyamu - Paddy
aaDhakah - kamdulu - tur
mudgah - pesalu - moong
chaNakah - senagalu - chickpea
tilam - nuvvulu - sesame
maashah - minumulu -
kuSutthah - vulavalu - soya
raajamaashah - alachamdalu -


Phalaani - pamDlu - Fruits
aamram - maamiDipamDu - mango
panasam - panasapamDu - jackfruit
naarikaelam - Teokaaya - coconut
draakshaa - draaksha - grape
jambeeram - nimma - lemon
kapittham - velaga
kadalee - araTi - banana
jambuuh - naeraedu -
aamalakam - vusireeka - Indian gooseberry
badaram - raegupamDu -





loahaah, Kanijaahcha - loahamulu, Kanijamulu - metals,raw materials
suvarNam - bamgaaru - gold
rajatam - vemDi - silver
pittalam - ettaDi - brass
taamram - raagi - copper
ayah - inumu - iron
seesam - seesamu -
kaamsyam - kamchu - bronze
trapu - tagaramu - tin
paaradah - paadarasamu - mercury
abhrakam - abhrakamu - mica

Sanskrit Lesson

vRttikaraah - vRttulu chaeyuvaaru - job holders

tkshkah - vaDramgi - carpentry
rajakah - chaakili - laundry
naapitah - maogali - barber
swarNakaarah - aagasaale(kamasaali) - goldsmith
loahakaarah - kammari - blacksmith
tamtuvaayah - saale - weaver
sowchikah - darjee - tailor
kulaalah - kumaari - potter
maalaakaarah - damDalalluvaaDu - garland maker
chitrakaarah - chitrakaarudu - painter
charmakaarah - maadiga
naTah - naTuDu - actor
vyaadhah - boaya - hunter
vaitanikah - jeetagaadu - laborer
vaartaavahah - vaartalu telupuvaadu - news reporter
choarah - domga - thief
kimkarah, saevakah - saevakuDu

Sanskrit Lesson

Now we get to Dressing and accessories and ornaments

vasanaani,vrasaadhanaanicha - vastramulu,alamkaara saadhanamulu - cloths, decors

vastram - vastramu - cloth

kshaamam - paTTu vastramu - silk cloth

karpatah - chinugu guDDa - rag

kambaLih - kambaLi - rug

aahatam - vutikinadi - washed

anaahatam - vutakanidi - unwashed

darpaNah - addamu - mirror

prasaadhanee - duvvena - comb

vyajanam - visinakarra - hand fan

kamchukah - chokkaa,ravika - shirt,blouse

bhuushaNaani - nagalu - ornaments

bhuushaNam - aabharaNamu - ornament

kireeTam - kireeTamu - crown

chuuDaamaNi - siroaratnamu - crown diamond

karlikaa, kumDalam - aomTupoagu - stud

haarah - haaram - chain

aekaavaLih - mutyapumaala - pearl chain

maiKalaa,kaamchee - oDDaaNamu - waist ornament(belt)

kamkaNam - kaDiyam - bracelet

amgadah - amgadamu,bhujakeerthi - shoulder ornament

nuupuram - kaaligajje(arade) - anklet

Sanskrit Lesson

These are the words which are used to define our body parts

sareerasya bhaagaah - sareera bhaagamulu - Body parts

sareeram - sareeramu - body
sirah - tala - head
vadanam - muKamu,noaru - face, mouth
kamThah - gomtu,meDa - neck
karah - chaeyi - hand
bhajah - bhajamu - shoulder
vakshah - rommu - chest
vudaram - kaDupu - stomach
naabhih - boDDu -
ooruh - toDa - tigh
jaanuh - moakaalu - knee
amgushThah - boTanavraelu - thumb
tarjanee - chuupuDu vraelu - first finger from thumb
madhyamaa - naDimivreelu - middle finger
anaamikaa - vumgarapu vreelu - ring finger
kanishTikaa - chiTikenavreelu - little finger
paadah - paadamu - feet
naetram - kannu - eye
karNah - chevi - ear
naasikaa,naasaa - mukku - nose
muKam - muKamu - face
jihvaa - naaluka - tongue
rasanaa - naaluka - tongue
dantah - pallu - tooth
amgulee - vraelu - finger
naKa - goeru - nail
kaesah - vemDruka - hair
bhruuh - kanubomma - eyelid
lalaaTam - nuduru - forehead

Sanskrit Lesson

Let us learn words that represent Animals , Birds and Insects

mRgaah - mRgamulu - Animals

simhah - simhamu - lion
vyaagrah - puli - tiger
varaahah - pamdi - pig
vaasarah - koati - monkey
>bhalluukah - elugubamtu - bear
mahishah - enupoatu
sRgaalah - nakka - fox
bidaalah - pilli - cat
vRkah - toadealu - wolf
harinah - jimka - deer
sasah - kumdaelu - rabbit
gajah - aenugu - elephant
asvah - gurramu - horse
vRshabhah - addu - bull
saaramaeyah - kukka - dog
dhaenuh - aavu - cow
gowh - aavu - cow
ushtrah - omte - camel
gardabhah - gaaDida - donkey
ajah - maeka - goat
vatsah - duuDa - calf
kaasarah - (dunna) aDavidunna
lulaayah - enupoatu
mahishii - gaede - bullocks

Kgaah - pakshulu & kaetakamulu - birds & insects

pikah - koeyala - koyal
kapoatah - paavuramu - pigeon
vuluukah - gruDlaguuba - owl
kukkuta - koaDi - hen
chatakah - picchuka - sparrow
kaakah - kaaki - crow
gRdhrah - gradda - hawk
sukah - chiluka - parrot
bakah - komga - crane
garuDdah - garuDapakshi - eagle
mayuurah - nemali - peacock
hamsah - hamsamu - swan
madhapah - tummeda - bee
saraghaa - taenetiiga - honey bee
makshikaa - eega -
masakah - doama - mosquito
matkuNah - nalli - bed bug

Sanskrit Lesson

These words are used to express our inner feelings:

manobhaavah - manobhaavamulu - inner feelings

aanamdah - aanamdamu - happiness

koapah - koapamu - anger

haasah - navvu - smile

roadanam - aedupu - cry

dukham - dukhamu - sorrow

dayaa - daya - mercy

vismayah - aascharyamu - surprise

bhayam - bhayamu - fear

garvah - garvamu - pride

lajja - siggu - shy

kshaantih - oarpu - patience

asuuyaa - asuuya - jealousy

kaamah - aasa - lust,wish

prema - prema - love

ichchaa - korika - want

chantaa - chimta(vichaaramu) - worry

vutkantaa - aaturata - anxiety,eager

vutsaah - vutsaahamu - vigour

Sanskrit Lesson

badhavaah - bamdhuvulu - Relations

maataa - talli - mother
pitaa - tamdri - father
maataa mahah - talliki tamdri - grandfather(mother's father)
pitaa mahah - tamdriki tamdri - grandfather (father's father)
maatamahi - talliki talli - grandmother (mother's mother)
pitaamahi - tamdriki talli - grandmother (father's mother)
patihi - bartha - husband
patnihi - bhaarya - wife
putrah,sutaha - kumaarudu - son
putrii, sutaa - kumaarte - daughter
sisuhu - bidda - child
bhaginee - soadari - sister
bhraataa - soadarudu - brother
jyaeshta bhraataa - anna - elder brother
jyaeshta bhagini - akka - elder sister
kanishta bhraataa - tammudu - younger brother
kanishta bhagini - chelli - younger sister
maatulah - maenamama - uncle(mother's brother)
maatulaani - maenatta - aunt(mother's brother's wife)
pitRvyah - pinatamdri, pedda tamdri - uncle (father's brother)
pitRshyasa - maenatta - aunt(father's sister)
sRsruuh - atta - mother in law
svaesurah - maama - father in law
syaalah - baavamaridi - wife's brother
nanaandaa - husband's sister
devarah - husband's little brother
poutrah - putruni koduku - grandson(son's son)
poutri - putrini kuuturu - grand daughter (son's daughter)
dohitrah - kuuturi koduku - grandson(daughter's son)
dowhitriih - kuuturi kumaarthe - granddaughter(daughter's daughter)
bhaaginaeyah - maenalludu - Nephew(sister's son)

Sanskrit Lesson

Words that represent color both in Sanskrit and Telugu

varnah - ramgulu - Colours
suklah - telupu - white
neelah - nalupu - black
peetah - pasupu - yellow
raktah - erupu - Red
haritah - paccha - green
kapisah - godumaramgu - brown
dhuusarah - budidarangu - ash color
soonah - chakkani errupu - scarlet
arunah - komchemu eruupu - light red
paatalah - telupu mimchina errupu - pink



NavaGrahamulu
Navagrahaah - navagrahaalu-Nine Planets
suuryah - suuryudu - Sun
chamdrah - chamdrudu - moon
sujah - kujudu -
budhah - budhudu -
guruh - gurudu -
sukrah - sukrudu -
sanihi - sani -
raahuhu - raahuvu
kaetuhu - kaetuvu

Sanskrit Lesson

Weekdays which are quite similar to that in english calender:

vaarah - vaaramulu - weekdays
bhaanuvasarah - aadivaramu - sunday
imduvaasarah - soamavaaramu - monday
bowmavaasarah - mamgalavaaramu - tuesday
sowmyavaasarah - budhavaaramu - wednesday
guruvaasarah - guruvaaramu - thursday
sukravaasarah - sukravaaramu - friday
sanivaasarah - sanivaaramu - saturday
saptaah - oka vaaramu(seven days) - week


disah - dikkulu - directions
poorvaa,praachee - toorpu - East
dakshinaa,avaachii - dakshinamu - South
paschima,pratiichii - padamara - West
uttara,udiichii - uttaramu - North
ishaanii - eesaanyamuula - corner
aagnaeyaa - aagnaeyamuula
nairRnaa - naiRtimuula
vaayanyaa - vaayumuula

Sanskrit Lesson

SamKhyaavaachakaani - SamKhyaa vaachakamu - Number system

aekah - okaTi - one

dvow - remDu - two

trayah - muuDu - three

chatvaarah - naalugu - four

pa~ncha - idu - five

shaT - aaru - six

sapta - aeDu - seven

ashTa/aashTaa - enimidi - eight

nava - tommidi - nine

daSa - padi - ten

aekaadaSa - padunokamDu - eleven

dvaadaSi - pamDremDu - twelve

trayodaSa - padamooDu - thirteen

chaturdaSa - padunaalgu - fourteen

pamchadaSa - padunaidu - fifteen

shoaDaSa - padunaaru - sixteen

saptadaSa - padunaeDu - seventeen

ashTaadaSa padunenimidi - eighteen

navadaSa - pamdommidi - ninteen

vimSatih - eravi - twenty

trimSat - muppai - thirty

chatvaarimSat - nalabhai - forty

pamchaaSat - yaabhai - fifty

shashTi - aravai - sixty

saptatih - Debhai - seventy

aaSeetih - enabhai - eighty

navatih - tombhai - ninty

Satam - nuuru - hundred

sahasram - vaiyi - thousand

laksham - laksha - lakh

koaTih - koaTi - crore

SamKyaeya vaachakaani - saKyaastaanamulu - Numeric places

praTamah - okatava - First

dviteeyah - remDava - second

tRteeyah - muuDava - third

chaturdah - naalgava - fourth

pamchamah - idava - fifth

shashThah - aarava - sixth

saptamu - a

Sanskrit lesson

Seasons that are the same in Telugu and Sanskrit

Rtavah - Rtuvulu - Seasons

vasantah - vasamta Rtuvu - Spring

greeshmah - greeshma Rtuvu - Summer

varshah - varsha Rtuvu - Rainy

sarat - saratRutuvu - monsoon

haemantah - haemanta Rtuvu - Autumn

sisirah - sisira Rtuvu - winter

Months

Though there are 12 months in the telugu calender its not the same as english calender.Six months after aashadamu is called 'Suklapaksham' and six months before ashaadam is called 'Krishnapaksham', 'Aksham' or 'Paksham' being a period of 6 months.

maasah - maasamulu - Months

chaitrah - chaitramu

visakhah - visakhamu

jaistah - jaistamu

aashadah - aashaadamu

sraavanah - sraavanamu

bhaadrah - bhaadharapadamu

aasvinah - aasvijamu

kaartikah - kaartikamu

maargasirshah - maargasiramu

powshyah - pushyamu

maagah - maagamu

faalgunah - faalgunamu

Sanskrit Lesson

Telugu has a base of words which are essentially Dravidian in origin.However, telugu is also largely Sanskritized, that is, it has a wide variety of words of Sanskrit/Prakrit origin. Let us take a look at the words which are derived from Sanskrit to Telugu.

Here are a list of words that indicate 'Time'

kaalah - kaalamua - time

kshanah - kshanamu - second

muhurthah - muhurthamu - moment

ahoratram - pagaluratri - day and night

pakshah - pakshamu - fortnight

suklapakshah - suklapakshamu - new moon to new moon

Krishnapakshah - krishnapakshamu - full moon to new moon

maasah - maasamu - month

Rtuh - Rtuvu - season

aayanam - aayanamu - 6 months

vuttaraayanam - vuttaraayanamu - first six months

dakshinaayanam - dakshinaayanamu - next six months

vatsrah - samvatsaramu - year

praatah - vudayam - morning

saayam - sayamkaalam - evening

nisa,raatrih - raeyi - night

adya - eppudu - eeroju

svah - raepu - tomorrow

hyah - ninna - yesterday

parasvah - ellumdi - day after tomorrow

vushah - vaykuva jaamu - daybreak

adhuna - eppudu - now

diva - pagalu - morning

naktam - raatri - night

divasah - dinamu - day

tithih - tidi

amavasya - amavaasya - newmoon

powrnamaa - powrnami - fullmoon